心血管核磁技术临床进展.pptx

Clinical approach to CMR techniques２０１８－０２－13COILSStandard body coilStandard surface coilDedicated cardiac phased array coil constructed of multiple elements (the best alternative)further improved image qualityspatial resolutionLarger field of viewPhased array coils allow application of SENSE technique.Sense techniqueIt represents a revolutionizing technology in CVMR;The principle is based on parallel imaging with use of all coil elements;Each coil has a different sensitivity profile, which can be exploited to unfold undersampled acquisitons and to reduce the density of the acquired k-space data, thus speeding up scan time;Using SENSE, currently, a twofold increasing imaging speed can be obtained as standard;Setting higher factors were reachedCardiac motion compensationIs performed by synchronizing the image acquisition to the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals.Imaging formation in MR is based on filling ‘k-space’ during data acquisition.ECG-triggering is aimed at filling k-space in multiple steps, based on the timing within the cardiac cycle.Two type of ECG triggering methodProspective triggering(image acquisition starts at a fixed delay after the QRS-complex of the ECG and stops around 80% of the cardiac cycle, the last 20% of cycle is not imaged, this technique is suitable to image systolic heart function)Retrospective ECG gating (when need to evaluate diastolic hear function. It’s acquires image data irrespective of the ECG, while the ECG is recorded in parallel. Once the MR acquisition is finished, the computer calculates afterward (retrospectively)the appropriate cardiac phases, based on the stored ECG and k-space data.) (is now the standard for most CVMR imaging purpose)A major problem for clinical application of cardiac CVMR is the practical worry of obtaining a reliable ECG signal from a patient inside the MR scanner.Recently, a new approach was launched to correct this problem-the vector ECG (VCG), it based on the 3-dimensional orientation of the QRS-complex