毕业设计（论文）-Nb含量对锆合金耐蚀性的影响汇.doc

题目：Nb含量对锆合金耐腐蚀性能的影响 摘 要 本文详细介绍了Nb含量对锆合金耐腐蚀性能影响的最新研究成果。 由于纯锆制备成本太高，在海绵锆中加入适量的合金元素以抵消杂质的有害影响，从而提高耐腐蚀性能。根据Wagner理论，加入的合金元素主要有Sn，Nb，Fe，Cr，Ni，O等，本文主要研究元素Nb的影响。 对Zr-Nb合金耐腐蚀性能影响较大的因素有合金元素，热处理制度，水化学条件等。 β-淬火（1000-1050℃）可使高温固溶于基体中的合金元素快速冷却，均匀分布在基体中，而合金元素均匀分布有利于提高合金的耐腐蚀性能。 在转变温度（610℃）下的退火可提高合金的塑性，淬火后均匀分布的合金元素可以第二相析出，这样析出的第二相在基体中的分布比较均匀，有利提高合金的耐腐蚀性能。 随后具体介绍Nb含量对锆合金耐腐蚀性能的影响。 氧化锆的形态有等轴晶和柱状晶。在转变温度以下退火时生成的多为有利于耐腐蚀性的柱状晶，在转变温度以上退火时生成的多为不利于耐腐蚀性的等轴晶。 Zr-Nb合金第二相的平均颗粒尺寸约为50nm的含Nb锆合金具有最优的抗均匀腐蚀性能，平均颗粒尺寸粗化到200-300nm时，抗腐蚀性能大大降低。 Nb含量提高，会使第二相出现β相，出现哪种β相取决于退火温度。 研究表明，Nb含量接近于在该腐蚀条件下Nb在Zr中的固溶度时，锆合金表现出了最好的耐腐蚀性能。 关键词：Nb含量；锆合金；耐腐蚀性能 Abstract In this paper,the latest research achievements on the effect of the content of Nb to the performance of corrosion resistance of zircoloy are introduced. Some chemical elements are added into the Zr due to the high cost of the preparation of pure Zr,so that to make up to the negative influnce of these elements.These elements include Sn,Nb,Fe,Cr,Ni,O,etc,according to the theory of Wagner.This paper mainly focous on Nb. The factors that mainly affect the corrosion-resistance performance of Zr-Nb alloy are: alloying elements;heat treatment and hydrochemical station. Beta quenching (1000-1050℃) can make the alloying elements which dissolve in the matrix in high temperature cool rapidly，in this way the corrosion-resistence is highliy improved. Annealing below the transition temperature(610℃) can improve alloy plastictiy,and the alloying elements can uniformly detach from the matrix as second phase,which improve the corrosion-resistance performance. The following introduce the effect of Nb content on the corrosion-resistance in Zr-Nb alloy. There are two forms of zirconia, isometric crystal and cylindrical crystal.If annealed below the transition temperature, cylindrical crystal,which increases corrosion-resistance is formed.and if annealed above the transition temperature, isometric crystal,which decreases corrosion-resistanc