(麻省理工)药理学原理-自主神经药理学.pdf

HST-151 1 Autonomic Pharmacology Reading: Chapters 6-10 in Katzung are quite good; those in Goodman and Gilman are based on the same fundamental outline. Overview As you will see throughout the course, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a very important topic for two reasons: First, manipulation of ANS function is the basis for treating a great deal of cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal and renal disease; second, there is hardly a drug worth mentioning without some major autonomic side effects (cf. antihistamines). You have already heard something about the ANS and its wiring diagram in the lecture by Dr. Strichartz on cholinergic receptors, and it is certainly not my intent to reproduce these pictures or the various diagrams in your text. I hope to give you a slightly different presentation which highlights the important points in this rather long textbook assignment. You have already heard about nicotinic cholinergic receptors and the somatic nervous system (SNS) control of voluntary striated muscle. The ANS, simply put, controls everything else: smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, and other involuntary functions. We usually think about the ANS as a motor system -- although it does have sensory nerves, there is nothing particularly distinctive about them. Anatomy The sympathetic division of the ANS is called THORACOLUMBAR, but it has input from higher brain centers like hypothalamus, limbic cortex, etc. The preganglionic sympathetic nerves have cell bodies in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord from about T1 to L3. The efferent fibers exit with the ventral roots of the spinal nerves and then leave in a white ramus which leads to a GANGLION (i.e., a collection of cell bodies of postganglionic neurons). The preganglionic nerves may stimulate several postganglionic nerves which rejoin the spinal nerve by way