Natural History and Clinical Staging of HIV幻灯片.pptVIP

Natural History and Clinical Staging of HIV Training for Medical Officers Day 2 Session 7 Session Objectives List the modes of HIV transmission Discuss the pathogenesis and life cycle of HIV Describe the progression of HIV Classify an HIV-infected patient according to the WHO clinical stages Modes of HIV Transmission Risk of HIV Transmission with Single Unprotected Exposure(Risk per 10,000 exposures) How HIV Infects the Body HIV Lifecycle Stages of HIV Infection Viral transmission (2-3 wks) Acute retroviral syndrome (2-3 wks) Seroconversion (2-4 wks) Asymptomatic chronic HIV infection (Avg. 8yrs) Symptomatic HIV infection/AIDS (Avg. 1.3 yrs) CD4 Count Viral Load Over Time Progression of HIV Acute Seroconversion Asymptomatic HIV (Clinical latency) Symptomatic HIV Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Patterns of HIV Progression Typical progressors Rapid progressors Slow progressors Long-term non-progressors WHO Clinical Staging Case Study 2 Case Study 3 Case Study 10 37 year-old HIV-positive male Lost 9 kg in last 3 months (previously 75 kg) Reports having a fever for the past month Goes to bed by late afternoon Treated for pulmonary TB 5 months ago What is his WHO clinical stage? Case 11 34 year-old HIV positive male Suffers from bacterial sinusitis and a fungal infection on his toes Has no problem keeping up with his usual activities and weight is stable Treated for herpes zoster 4 years ago What is his WHO Clinical Stage? Key Points The most common mode of HIV transmission in India is sexual Understanding the natural history of HIV is important in predicting progress of the disease and determining when to begin ART Clinical staging allows clinicians to reliably predict in patients: The risk for death and opportunistic infections The need for disease prevention and ART Trainers Notes: Project the image and review the clinical history for participants. Ask for volunteers to answer the questions below. Discuss participants’ answers and