Pediatric and Neonatal Respiratory Care Embryologic Development儿科和新生儿呼吸护理的胚胎发育.ppt

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2018-05-06 发布于江西
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Pediatric and Neonatal Respiratory Care Embryologic Development儿科和新生儿呼吸护理的胚胎发育.ppt

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Pediatric and Neonatal Respiratory Care Embryologic Development儿科和新生儿呼吸护理的胚胎发育

Pediatric and NeonatalRespiratory CareEmbryologic Development Mary P. Martinasek, BS, RRT Overview Introduction Development of the Pulmonary System Development of the Cardiovascular System Fetal Circulation Development of Other Intrauterine Structures Introduction General Fetal Development Ovum Embryo Fetus Cellular Development Germ Layers of the Embryo Endoderm Respiratory Tract Mesoderm Ectoderm General Development Development of the Pulmonary System Embryonic Period Pseudoglandular Period Canalicular Period Saccular and Alveolar Period Embryonic Period From Conception to 4-6 weeks gestation Development of proximal airways 0-24 days one central tube 24 days - primitive lung bud appears Embryonic Period (continued) 26-28 days form right and left lung buds Primitive airways progress in dividing Lobar bronchi - day 31 diaphragm starts and is completely developed by 8th week Pseudoglandular Period 7-16 week gestation development of conducting airways 7th week - epiglottis formation starts 7th week - choana disintegrates and palates development begins Pseudoglandular Period (cont.) 8th week - vocal cord development begins Lung resembles gland Dichotomy results 11th week - cartilage in airways appears 12th week - major lobes identifiable Pseudoglandular Period (cont.) 13th week - goblet cells form 13th-24th week bronchial glands develop 10 week - ciliated cells start to appear Canalicular Period 17-24 weeks gestation Development of acinus Tremendous amount of vasularization Outpouchings appear on wall of bronchioles Canalicular Period (continued) Two types of cells start to differentiate Capillaries present but too far away from alveolar cavity Saccular (Alveolar) Period 24th week - birth Development of gas exchange units 25th-26th week alveolar-capillary membrane able to sustain extrauterine life Saccular Period (continued) 28-29th week terminal sacs line with mature Type II cells - surfactant appears 34-36th week mature alveolar structure evident approxim