清华经济学原理28货币和财政政策对总需求的影响.pptVIP

* 31 * 33 * 34 * 34 * 38 * 39 * 39 * 39 * 39 * 40 * 41 * 41 * 42 * 42 * 45 * * * * * * * 挤出效应The Crowding-Out Effect 当政府购买增加了200亿，对物品与服务的总需求增加可能大于或小于200亿美元，依赖于乘数效应大还是挤出效应大。 When the government increases its purchases by $20 billion, the aggregate demand for goods and services could rise by more or less than $20 billion, depending on whether the multiplier effect or the crowding-out effect is larger. * 税收的变动Changes in Taxes 当政府减少个人收入征税，它增加了家庭的可支配收入。 When the government cuts personal income taxes, it increases househol