常微分方程课件-第02讲52.pptVIP

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常微分方程课件-第02讲52.ppt

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常微分方程课件-第02讲52.ppt

Definition 2.1.3 (Homogeneous Equation) 齐次方程 For example, * Method of Solution of Homogeneous Equation [C/P34,E/P58] Then This is a separable ODE * Question: * Example 2.1.4 [C/P34] Solution These yield Therefore, the desired general solution is * Example 2.1.4 [C/P34] * Example 2.1.5[C/P35] Solution Why Example 2.1.5[C/P35] Solution Let then These yield In addition, but it cannot be obtained from the general solution. Thus, the desired solution are a general solution: the exceptional solution: and * Example 2.1.6 Solution Let then Thus, the desired general solution is cf C/P73/1(21) * 1. Homogeneous Equations 2.ODE of the form [cf C/P37] (*) is a homogeneous equation! (*) is not a homogeneous equation! It is OK! II. Some types of ODE which can be changed into equation of separated variables (可化为变量分离方程的类型) (C/P34) * This is a homogeneous equation,it’s OK! This is a separable equation,it’s OK! * Example 2.1.7 Solution These yield By the separation of variables, we get i.e., Thus the desired general solution is [cf C/P38] * Example 2.1.8 Solution By the separation of variables, we get Thus the desired general solution is i.e., Question:why have we not discussed if 5u+7 is 0? * Brief summary for §2.1 I. Equation of Separated Variables II. Some types of ODE which can be changed into equation of separated variables Ideal(思路) By trying to find an exact change of variables, Change the equation which is not separable to that which is separable 通过设法寻找合适的变量变换，把一个(表面上)不是变量可分离的微分方程化为变量可分离的微分方程。 It’s very easy!!! It’s very difficult, and there is not general result! cf C/P38; C/P43/2. §2.1 Equation of Separated Variables and Change of Variable * §2.1 Equation of Separated Variables and Change of Variable I. Equation of Separated Variables II. Some types of ODE which can be changed into equation of separated variables III. Applications(应用) * Example 2.1.9 Charging and discharging for capacitor [C/P39] 电容器的充电和放电 Solution When the switch 1 is closed, Kirchhoff’s