Commitment or control Human resource management practices 承诺或控制的人力资源管理实践.Image.Marked.pdf

Commitment or control? Human resource management practices in female and male-led businesses Ingrid Verheul Centre for Advanced Small Business Economics Erasmus University Rotterdam / Faculty of Economics P.O. Box 1738 3000 DR Rotterdam The Netherlands Tel. +31 10 4081398 verheul@few.eur.nl and EIM Business and Policy Research P.O. Box 7001 2701 AA Zoetermeer The Netherlands Tel. +31 79 3413634 ive@eim.nl Version: January 2003 Keywords: gender, entrepreneurship, human resource management, commitment, control Acknowledgement: The author would like to thank Paul Boselie, Jan de Kok, Gavin Reid, Heleen Stigter, Roy Thurik, Lorraine Uhlaner and Claartje Vinkenburg for their helpful comments. Ingrid Verheul acknowledges financial support by the Fund Schiedam Vlaardingen e.o. and the Trust Fund Rotterdam. Abstract: This paper investigates the extent to which HRM differs between female- and male-led businesses. A Control-Commitment Continuum consisting of several HRM dimensions is proposed. To test to what extent HRM systems and ‘specific’ practices in female- and male-led businesses differ with respect to commitment-orientation, use is made of a panel of approximately 2,000 Dutch entreprene