石油化工毕业论文汇.doc

石油化工毕业论文 摘　　要 X80管线钢是我国西气东输二线工程中应用的主要材料，但是正处于腐蚀事故多发阶段。土壤是造成管线钢腐蚀的重要因素，土壤中的SO42-是引起管线腐蚀的一个重要离子。本文以X80管线钢为研究对象，通过浸泡实验考查了SO42-在模拟高pH值强碱性土壤溶液中均匀腐蚀和点腐蚀的影响，此外，也考查了退火后的X80钢在含有SO42-离子的模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为。通过金像显微镜对X80钢试样表面显微腐蚀形貌进行了观察，并且探讨了硫酸根离子实验结果发现：在模拟强碱性溶液环境中，随溶液中硫酸根离子含量的增加，X80管线钢的腐蚀速率会加快。通过实验，X80经过650℃保温3h后的组织在硫酸根离子浓度为1.4%的高pH值强碱性溶液中的耐腐蚀性较差。探讨了碱性硫酸根离子对X80钢的原始状态的组织和经过退火后的组织耐腐蚀性能的原因以及过程。在模拟碱性溶液中硫酸根离子含量越高，X80钢试件上的蚀坑密度越大。 关键词：X80钢，NaHCO3/Na2CO3, SO42-，腐蚀，退火 Abstract X80 pipeline steel is the application of Chinas West-East Gas Pipeline Project in the primary material, but is in the corrosion of the accident-prone stage. Soil is an important factor causing corrosion of pipes, soil SO42 -is an important cause corrosion of pipes, ion. In this paper, X80 pipeline steel for the study, was examined by immersion test in simulated high SO42- alkaline soil solution pH, corrosion and pitting corrosion effects, in addition, it examines the X80 steel after annealing in the presence of SO42 ion simulation solution corrosion. By golden statue as the microscope microscopic corrosion of X80 steel sample surface morphology were observed, and discusses the experimental results showed that sulfate ions: alkaline solution in a simulated environment, with the sulfate ion content in solution increases, X80 pipeline steel corrosion rate will accelerate. The experiment, X80 650 ℃ for 3h after the organization after the sulfate ion concentration in 1.4% of the high alkaline pH, the corrosion resistance of the solution worse. Of the alkaline sulfate on X80 steel in the original state of organization and the organization after annealing the corrosion resistance of the reasons and process.The higher sulfate ion content is in the Alkaline solution of simulation, the greater X80 steel specimen of density of pits is. Key words：X80，NaHCO3/Na2CO3，SO42-,Corrosion, Annealing 摘　　要 I Abstract II 引　　言 1 1 管线钢腐蚀行为综述 5 1.1 管道腐蚀的原因 5 1.1.1 电化学腐蚀： 5 1.1.2 化学腐蚀： 6 1.2 管线钢腐蚀的特点 7 1.3 影响管线钢在土壤中腐蚀的因素 9 1.4 典型管线钢管外腐蚀类型 12 1.4.1 土壤