苏格兰法院系统：民事法院.pptVIP

苏格兰法院系统：民事法院 5.1.5 An introducion to courts : Deal with legal disputes which can not be settled by any other means. The civil courts do not intervene in disputes between citizens unless one of the parties invokes the aid of the court by bringing an action in court against the other party (民法领域“不告不理原则”） Terms refer to civil courts: Litigation （诉讼，俗称打官司） Pursuer (the people initiating the claim) （原告） Defender ( the person being taken to court) （被告） The sort of issues dealt with by the civil courts : Family law (家庭法） Law of contract （合同法） Law of property （物权法） Law of delict (reparation) （侵权损害赔偿） Types of civil court for Scotland: the Sheriff Court (郡法院） the Court of Session （最高民事法院） the House of Lords （上议院） the European Court of Justice （欧洲法院） 5.1.6 郡法院 Deal with both civil and criminal cases. The most important civil court : it hears the largest number of cases. Sheriff (司法行政官）: All sheriffs are appointed from the ranks of advocates (辩护律师） and solicitors （诉状律师） of at least 10 years standing. They usually have their own sheriff court where they can hear both criminal and civil cases. Sheriff principal（首席司法行政官）： Each sheriffdom(6) have one full time sheriff principal. Act as judges in both civil and criminal cases in the Sheriff Court. Hear civil appeals from the Sheriff Court. Jurisdiction of the Sheriff Court:(郡法院的司法管辖权） Jurisdiction over Persons. (对人的管辖权） Jurisdicition over Subject Matter. (对物的管辖权） Details in 59 Jurisdiction over Persons: Depend on where the defender resides (被告居住地). Three exceptions: P58 Jurisdicition over Subject Matter The main limitations: P59 Apart from some limitations, the jurisdiction of the Sheriff Court is unlimited as regards subject matter(标的物）. Court of first instance (一审法院). The sheriff sitting alone without a jury（陪审团) although in cases involving industrial injury a jury of seven may sit. Claims between ?750— ?1500: Summary Cause (简易诉讼). Cases for Sheriff Civil Court: Debts (