色谱柱技术及色谱柱的选择.ppt

* Retention on Hypercarb also depends on the polarity of the molecule. This is one of the major strenghts of this stationary phase How are polar molecules retained on PGC? Polar molecules have a permanent dipole and thus can induce a dipole on the polarizable surface on the graphite as they approach it; this increases the attraction between the analyte and the graphite surface 极性分子永久带电，因此可以引起石墨化碳表面的极性化，这样可以加强分子和石墨化碳之间的作用 This dipole – dipole interaction results in excellent retention for polar compounds such as carbohydrates, and compounds with several hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups, which cannot be retained on silica-based alkyl phases such as C18s. 这种作用可以很好的保留极性化合物，像碳水化合物，或者有羟基，羧基和氨基，这些难以在C18上保留的化合物 * The salts of quaternary ammonium compounds (diquat – DQ敌草快, paraquat –PQ百草枯) are important cationic herbicides 阳离子除草剂 . These compounds are toxic and classified as moderately hazardous; they have high water solubility and low volatility, and after application can be adsorbed by the soil or transported to water by runoff or leaching 这些化合物都是毒性化合物，具有很强的水溶性，在使用后容易被土壤吸收而带入水中 EPA established maximum levels in drinking water for PQ and DQ of 3 and 20?g/L respectively. Therefore sensitive analytical methods are necessary to monitor the presence of these compounds in drinking water. EPA方法规定饮用水中百草枯和敌草快的最大含量分别为3ug/L和20ug/L，因此，需要建立高灵敏度的分析方法。 Quats are ionic species and thus are normally analysed by RP-LC with ion pairing; this methodology has the disadvantage of poor sensitivity, requiring several fold preconcentration prior to LC analysis. 这两累化合物在常规RP-LC分析方法中需要应用离子对试剂，这种方法的缺陷就是灵敏度低 Retention of cations such as quats on Hypercarb is due to the interaction with the electron cloud on the graphite; also, these are flat molecules which can align themselves closely to the surface 而百草枯和敌草快在Hypercarb上保留依赖的是电子云和石墨化碳的作用，同时，这个平面分子和以很近的吸附在石墨化碳的表面 On Hypercarb a simple mobile phase of water / acetonitrile containing 0.05%TFA is used to achieve retention of these ionic speci