英语演讲与辩论3.pptVIP

FLTRP Cup Training Caoyanhong caoyanhong@ Introduction .Introduction to American Parliamentary (AP) Debating From Philosophy to Practice Topics Philosophy of Debate Structure Flowing Speaker Duties Philosophy of Debate Debate is subjective No “right” way to debate Rules negotiated in the round Pros and Cons Cons Confusion Lack of Certainty Desire for rules Pros Creativity Free Expression Safe to explore Bottom Line: Embrace the Uncertainty! Structure Basic Argument Structure Structure Chain Argument Structure Structure Complex Argument Structure as Outline Capital Punishment Should be Banned 1. Capital Punishment fails as a deterrent to crime a. States with capital punishment show no decrease in crime rates b. Criminals do not contemplate actions rationally c. Most capital offenses are crimes of passion 2. Capital Punishment dehumanizes the state that practices it 3. Errors in the application of Capital Punishment are irreversible Debate as a battle Psychological Ground Establishing Defending Ground Capturing Ground The “Flow”as a map of the battleground Flowing Divide paper into 6 columns Trace arguments as they develop across the flow Use abbreviations: CP, = , +, ^ Four areas of territory: Procedural On-Case Off-Case Rebuttal Procedural Definitions For closed motions “This house would ban capital punishment” For semi-closed motions “A government ought not benefit from the sins of its citizens.” Standard Definition of the evaluative term “Paternalism is desirable” “Performance enhancing drugs ought to be tolerated in sport.” Constructive Those arguments introduced, developed and defended by your team For Proposition: “On-Case” For Opposition: “Off-Case” Constructive efforts should be: Complete (Claim and Support) Varied (Diversified Support) Releva