直接引语与间接引语的区别和用法4-9.docVIP

直接引语与间接引语的区别和用法（宾语从句是间接引语） 定义： 直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号。 　　　　　例：He said: It is too late. 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，多数以宾语从句的形式构成。 　　　　　例：He said it was too late. 直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的问题 第一：人称的变化。 主语为第一人称的直接引语，变间接引语时，人称要做相应调整。 例如： 直接引语 She said: I am hungry. 间接引语 She said she was hungry. 直接引语 Mum said to me: You must clean your bedroom by yourself. 间接引语 Mum told me that I had to clean my bedroom by myself. 第二：时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。其规律如下图。 注意： 1.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。 例如：Teacher told us: The moon moves round the earth. Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth. 2.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。 例如：She said: I went to England in 1998. She said she went to England in 1998. 3.主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。 He says: I bought you a book yesterday. He says that he bought me a book yesterday. 第三：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。 1）时间状语：　　 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语　　 now （then）； tomorrow （the next / following day ）　　 today (that day）； next week （the next / following week / month / year）　　 yesterday（the day before） two days ago（ two days before ）　　 last week /month/ year (the week/month/ year before) this week/month/year (that week/month/ year)　　 2）指示代词：these 变成those　　 3）地点状语：here变成there　　 She said, “I won’t come here any more.”—— She said that she wouldn’t go there any more..　　 4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take　 当引语是谚语、格言时，如：　　 He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——He said that practice makes perfect.当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如：　　 例如：　　 The doctor said, “You’d better drink plenty of water.” ——　　 The doctor said I’d better drink plenty of water.　　 He said, “She must be a teacher.”—— He said that she must be a teacher.　　 He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——　　 He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.　　 The teacher said, “You needn’t hand in your compositions today.”——　　 The teacher said we needn’t/didn’t need to/didn’t have to hand in our compositions.　　 She asked,