非谓语动词的运用和比.pptVIP

非谓语动词的运用与比较 动名词与不定式的不同含义： be afraid to do 不敢、害怕、胆怯去做某事 be afraid of doing 担心、恐怕出现 We are never afraid to lay down our lives for the right cause. 为了正义的事业我们绝不怕牺牲自己的生命。 She was afraid of waking her husband up. 2) forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事（已做） The light in the office is off. It was she who turned it off, but she herself forgot _______( turn ) it off. The light in the office is still on. She forgot ______(turn )it off. 3)remember to do sth. 记着去做某事（未做） remember doing sth.记着做了某事（已做） Do you remember ______(meet) me at a party last year? You must remember ______( leave) tomorrow. 5) regret to do sth. 遗憾地说/告诉…= be sorry to say / to tell… regret doing sth. 后悔做了… I regret _______ ( tell) that you didn’t pass the exam again. I regret _____( tell ) her the bad news. 7) mean to do sth. mean doing sth. If it means _____( delay ) more than a week, I’ll not wait. I mean _____( go ), and nothing can stop me. 8) go on to do sth. go on doing sth. 9）can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁，不禁 can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做… 10). permit / allow / advise + doing sth. + sb. to do sth. 11). start / begin / continue / like / love / hate + to do sth. + doing sth. 但有些动名词在句中是主动形式，却有被动含义 The house requires / needs / wants repairing. The book is worth reading. 2). 不定式作定语 He thought out a plan _____ (punish) Tom. He is always the last _____ (come) to office Please give me a knife _____ (cut) with. 作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 注1：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语一致，构成主动或被动的关系。 注2： 表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连接词while或when引导。 注3：有时，”with + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 分词”的结构表示伴随状况。 注4: 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词须有自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。 1.不定式的时态与语态： 1）一般式：不定式表示的动作常与谓语的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后发生。 I saw him go out. I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 2）进行式：不定式表示的动作正在进行。 I’m very glad to be working with you. 3）完成式：不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. The article is said to have been read by many people. 2.动名词的时态和语态