英语语法之名词性从句.pptVIP

名词性从句 名词性从句 1 定义：名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中起名词性作用。 2 分类：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句及同位语从句。 3 引导名词性从句 1) 连接词：that, whether, if 2) 关系代词： who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever 3) 关系副词：when, where, how, why 主语从句 1 that 引导的主语从句 1) 句首 That a round-trip to Mars would take more than a year and a half is estimated. That he misunderstood me is obvious. that 引导的主语从句直接放在句首。that 只起引导作用，在句中不作任何成分。 2. 用形式主语 it 来引导句子 that 引导的主语从句放在句后时，为了保持句子的平衡，常用 it 作形式主语，把真正的 that 引导的主语从句放在句后。 It is strange that he made no answer. It is known to all that the earth is round. 用 it 作形式主语的主语从句结构 (1) It + be + 名词 + that从句 It is a fact that --- 事实是…… It is a pity that--- 可惜的是…… It is a question that --- ……是个问题 It is an honor that--- ……非常荣幸 It is a shame that --- ……真是可耻 It is common knowledge that --- ……是常识 It is a wonder that --- ……真是个奇迹 用 it 作形式主语的主语从句结构 （2）It + be + 形容词 + that 从句 It is certain that --- 很肯定…… It is natural that--- 很自然…… It is obvious that--- 很显然…… It is clear / evident that --- 很清楚…… It is fortunate that--- 很幸运…… It is better that --- 最好…… It is (un)likely / probable that --- 很有（不太）可能…… 用 it 作形式主语的主语从句结构 （3）It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句 It is said that --- 据说…… It is believed that --- 人们认为…… It is reported that --- 据报道…… It is not known that --- ……不为人知 It is to be discussed that--- ……要讨论 It has been proved that --- ……已证明 It must be pointed out that --- 必须指出…… It is estimated that --- 据估计…… 用 it 作形式主语的主语从句结构 （4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 It seems that--- 好像是…… It happened that--- 碰巧…… It turned out that--- 结果…… It follows that --- 由此可见…… It matters that --- 要紧的是…… It occurred to me that --- 我想到…… It struck me that --- 我想到…… 用 it 作形式主语的主语从句结构 另,在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… wh-