计算机体系机构与组成原理习题选讲1.pptVIP

CHAPTER 2COMPUTER EVOLUTION ANDPERFORMANCE Problem:What is a stored program computer? Answer: In a stored program computer, programs are represented in a form suitable for storing in memory alongside the data. The computer gets its instructions by reading them from memory, and a program can be set or altered by setting the values of a portion of memory. Problem:Using IAS instruction, implement C(I)=A(I)+B(I),where I=1,2,…1000 Answer: This program is developed in [HAYE98]. The vectors A, B, and C are each stored in 1,000 contiguous locations in memory, beginning at locations 1001, 2001, and 3001, respectively. The program begins with the left half of location 3. A counting variable N is set to 999 and decremented after each step until it reaches –1. Thus, the vectors are processed from high location to low location. the vectors are processed from high location to low location. Problem:In Model 65 and Model 75 in IBM 360, addresses are interleaved in two independent memory module, what is the purpose? Answer: The purpose is to increase performance. When an address is presented to a memory module, there is some time delay before the read or write operation can be performed. While this is happening, an address can be presented to the other module. For a series of requests for successive words, the aximum rate is Doubled. 现代计算机内部一般采用二进制形式。我国历史上的 即反映了二进制逻辑的思想，它最早记录在 上，距今已有 千年。 八卦图、论衡、二 算筹、周髀算经、一 算筹、几章算术、一 八卦图、周易、三 在CPU中跟踪指令后继地址的寄存器是 。 主存地址寄存器 程序计数器 指令寄存器 状态标志寄存器 集成电路的发展，依次经历了 , , , 等几个阶段。 SSI, LSI, MSI, VLSI VLSI, LSI, MSI, SSI SSI, MSI, VLSI, LSI SSI, MSI, LSI, VLSI 中央处理器CPU是指 。 控制器和运算器 运算器 控制器 控制器、运算器和主存储器 微程序存放在 。 控制存储器 内存储器 指令寄存器 高速缓存 一个完整的计算机系统包括 。 主机、键盘、显示器 计算机及其外部设备 系统软件与应用软件 计算机的硬件系统和软件系统 计算机硬件能够直接识别的语言是 。 自然语言 高级语言 机器语言 汇编语言 从设计者的角度看，硬件与软件之间的界面是 。 指令系统 语言处理程序 操作系统 输入输出系统 计算机性能的统计方式常用算术平均、 和 三种计算方式。 峰值 基准测试 补充：基准测试即bench