毕业设计论文-基于PWM调速的直流电机控制系统设计.docVIP

本科毕业设计（论文） 基于PWM调速的直流电机控制系统设计 摘 要 在现实生活中，自动化控制系统已在各行各业取得广泛的应用和发展，其中直流电机调速控制系统起着尤为重要的作用。本文主要研究了利用MCS-51系列单片机控制PWM信号从而实现对直流电机转速进行控制的方法，即采用脉宽调制技术，直接将恒定的直流电压调制成大小可变的直流电压，用以实现直流电机电枢两端电压的平滑调节构成直流脉宽调速系统。相对于现今的其他方法，如用硬件或者硬件与软件相结合的方法对电机转速进行调节，采用PWM软件方法来实现调速过程的优点是拥有更大灵活性和更低成本。 本文介绍了直流电机调速系统的硬件、软件设计方案。硬件设计主要包括:总体方案设计、单片机应用系统设计、驱动电路设计和测量电路设计。单片机系统采用了基于总线的模块式单片机通用开发设计方案，配置灵活，可根据需要组合成各种应用系统。通过单片机的I/O口输出PWM信号来控制电机驱动芯片，对直流电机的速度进行调节。采用单片机编写程序组成了PWM信号的发生系统，并且对PWM信号的原理、产生方法以及如何通过软件编程对PWM信号占空比进行调节，从而控制其输入信号波形等均作了详细的阐述。软件编制采用模块化的设计方式，主要包括主程序设计、T0中断服务(采样定时控制)程序及数字控制算法程序的设计。通过合理的设备选型、参数设置和软件设计从而实现了对电机速度的控制。 关键词：PWM调速系统；直流电机；单片机 Abatract In real life, the automated control system has achieved a wide range of applications and development in all walks of life, including DC motor speed control system plays a particularly important role. This paper studies the use of MCS-51 series single-chip PWM control signal in order to achieve a method for controlling the rotational speed of a DC motor, which uses pulse width modulation technology, directly to the constant DC voltage modulated into a variable DC voltage magnitude to achieve DC smooth adjustment armature voltage across the DC PWM speed control system configuration. Relative to todays other methods, such as hardware and software, hardware or a combination of methods to adjust motor speed using PWM software methods to achieve the advantages of speed the process is to have greater flexibility and lower cost. This article describes the DC motor speed control system hardware and software design solutions. Hardware design include: overall design, MCU application system design, drive circuit design and measurement circuit design. SCM system uses a single-chip common development based on modular design of the bus, configuration flexibility, based on a need to combine a variety of applications. Through the microcontroller I / O port output PWM signal to control the motor driver chip, DC motor speed can be adjust