2019届高考英语一轮复习 第二部分 语法专练 专题五 时态、语态和主谓一致课件 外研版.pptVIP

1.在语篇型填空中,对于谓语动词的考查主要是给出动词原形,要求考生根据上下文用适当的形式填空。做此类题时,首先要弄清该题是考查谓语动词(如例1)还是非谓语动词(如例2)。当设空处作谓语时,考查的是谓语动词。当设空处作主语、宾语、补语、定语、状语、表语时,设空处考查的是非谓语动词。当确定设空处考查谓语动词时,一般会考查时态、语态、主谓一致。当断定该题考查时态、语态时,要根据上下文或时间状语判断该动作发生在什么时候,是现在,是过去(如例3),是将来,还是过去将来?然后进一步分析,是一般体(如例3),是进行体,是完成体,还是完成进行体?然后再考虑设空处动词需要用主动语态还是用被动语 态(如例4)。除此之外,还需考虑主谓一致问题。此外还需要注意该句是否为固定句型(如例5)。常见句型如下: ①...was/were about to do...when...did... ②It is/has been+时间段+since从句(一般过去时) ③It had been+时间段+since从句(过去完成时) ④It will be+时间段+before从句(一般现在时) ⑤It/This/That is the first time that...have/has done... ⑥It/This/That was the first time that...had done... ⑦Hardly had+主语+done...when...did... ⑧No sooner had+主语+done...than...did... 这样的句型还有很多,平时要注意积累。 2.短文改错中,对于谓语动词的考查主要表现在动词形式上的错误(如例6)。 ②It was/had been+一段时间+since 从句。since 从句的谓语用过去完成时。 It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. 我们有10年没那么高兴过了。 ③That/It/This was the first/second...time+that 从句。that 从句的谓语要用过去完成时。 It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake. 那是他第三次犯同样的错误了。 That was the first time that I had passed the exam. 那是我第一次考试及格。 (3)将来完成时 将来完成时表示到将来某一时间某一动作将会完成,常用的时间状语为“by+将来的某个时间”。 By this time of next year,all of you will have become college students.到明年的这个时候,你们大家就都成为大学生了。 四、动词时态的完成进行体 单句填空 1.—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars. We 　 have been waiting ??(wait)here for more than two hours. 答案　have been waiting 　句意:——打扰了,你们在等哪部电影?——新拍的《星球大战》。我们已经在这儿等了两个多小时了。本题考查动词的时态。设空处表示该动作从两个多小时前一直持续到说话时,而且可能持续下去,因此用现在完成进行时。 语境运用 2.Dashan, who 　has been learning???(learn)crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 答案　has been learning????句意:大山学习中国传统喜剧形式——相声已经几十年了,他想把它与西方的单口喜剧传统结合起来。根据句意以及for decades可知,学习这一动作从过去一直延续到了现在,并且现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时;主语Dashan为第三人称单数,故答案为has been learning。 3.(2015福建卷)—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and 　 has been writing ?? (write) his essay there ever since. 答案　has been writ