第五章 林业企业管理基础.ppt

Chapter FiveThe Basic Theory of Forestry Enterprise Management第五章 林业企业管理基础 Same conditions different management system Different result! But Same conditions and management system Result still could be different! 1.The concept of enterprise: Enterprise is an economical entity(实体), which is engaged in(从事) the economic activities like commodity production, circulation(流通) and service objective is profit making (营利为目的) be managed independently(自主经营) practice independent accounting (独立核算) responsible for it‘s own profits and losses(自负盈亏) enjoy civil right (民事权利) bear civil duty (民事义务) Represent certain kind of production relation (体现一定的生产关系) 2. The characteristics of enterprise A, Seek profit B, Manage independently C, Manage under risk D, Manage under market regulation 3. The management principles(原理) of enterprise 3.1 Manage the enterprise as a system(系统原理) System: organic entirety, consist of different parts (factors) which related to, condition and affect to each other. Three important points: Clear objective (目的性) Entirety(整体性), the interest of the whole.全局观点, 整体利益 Administrative levels (层次性) , 各层有自己的功能,任务,职责和权利. 同层之间的关系的处理. 上层任务: (1)发出指令, 考察结果; (2) 协调下层关系. 3.2 Feedback (反馈原理) 控制系统 受控系统 指令信息 反馈信息 及时, 灵敏, 准确, 有力 3.3 Restriction (封闭原理) Condition each other (相互制约): 管理机构之间; 管理者之间; 管理制度之间, 有相互制约的关系, 构成一个连续封闭的回路, 形成有效管理. 3.4 Ability classification (能级原理) Classify the units and individuals according to their ability (arrange them in the order of ability) (1) Organization form, different levels of units: decision level; management level; executive level; operation level. (2) Different level of units has different power, material benefits and spirit honor (3) Right person in the right position Dynamic ! 3.5 Elasticity (or flexibility)(弹性原理) The management object and target are und