基于xmc4500的新型开关磁阻电机控制器的分析与设计-analysis and design of new switched reluctance motor controller based on xmc 4500.docxVIP

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基于xmc4500的新型开关磁阻电机控制器的分析与设计-analysis and design of new switched reluctance motor controller based on xmc 4500.docx

基于xmc4500的新型开关磁阻电机控制器的分析与设计-analysis and design of new switched reluctance motor controller based on xmc 4500

摘要开关磁阻电机因其具有结构简单、运行可靠、启动转矩大、能够频繁启停等特点正逐渐取代传统电机被应用于电动车中,越来越受到各类电动车研发人员的青睐和关注,但其缺点是低速转动时存在较大的转矩脉动和噪声。本论文首先通过介绍国内外SRM电机发展趋势,详细阐述了电机的结构特点、工作原理以及转矩脉动产生的原因。在学习和研究了目前常见的电机控制方法后,建立相关数学模型对电机转矩、电感、绕组电流变化做了深入分析,提出了基于XMC4500高速芯片的微步转矩控制和速度滑模变结构控制相结合的双闭环控制策略,即电流内环、速度外环。该控制系统充分发挥了控制芯片高速计算和集成各种工业外设等优点,并配合高性能IGBT 主开关器件和光耦驱动芯片,提高了控制电路的可靠性和结构简单性。同时,通过基于电感变化率修正的转矩分配相给定电流,能够实现高频率、快速的对电机两相转矩之和进行调整,平稳控制两相转矩按照给定的期望转矩曲线完成交互过程。为了克服光电旋转编码器无法判断初始位置的问题,提出了测量电机固定位置绕组线圈电流变化率的方式来计算电感,并结合已有电感位置数据得到初始位置的方法。最后,本论文以12/8 极3KWSRM 电机为研究对象,搭建实验平台进行实验,结果表明所采用的控制系统能够保证电机稳定运转,并在一定程度上抑制了开关磁阻电机低速转矩脉动较高的问题。关键词:开关磁阻电机,XMC4500,转矩分配,滑模变结构控制ABSTRACTSwitchedReluctanceMotorsaregraduallyreplacingthetraditionalmotorusedin electricvehiclesbecauseofitssuperiorperformancesuchassimplestructure,reliable operation,largerstartingtorqueandcanstartorstopfrequently,andbegreatlypopular andconcernedbymoreandmorevarioustypesofelectricvehicleresearchand developmentstaff.However,itsdrawbackisthepresenceofalargetorquerippleand noise at low speed rotation.Thispaperfirstdescribesdomesticandinternationalresearchtrendsofthe SwitchedReluctanceMotors,thenelaboratesonthestructuralcharacteristicsofthe motor,aswellastheworkingprincipleandthecauseoftorqueripplegenerated.After carefullyinvestigationandanalysisofsomegeneralmotorcontrolmethodsusedat present,thispaperestablishesamathematicalmodelofthemotortomakein-depth analysisonthemotortorquerelatedtotheinductorandthewindingcurrentchanges, andthenintroducesanewdual-loopmotorcontrolstrategy combinedmicro-steptorque controlandspeedVSCcontrolbasedonXMC4500high-speedmicroprocessorto realizethetorquerippleminimization.Thecontrolsystemgivesfullplaytothecontrol chip’sadvantagesofhigh-speedcomputingandvariousintegratedindustryperipherals, anditalsogreatlyimprovethecontrolcircuitreliabilityandstructuralsimplicitywith high-performanceIGBTswitching deviceandoptocouplerdrivechip.At thesametime, high-frequencyandfastadjustingthesumoftwo-phasetorquecouldbedonetosmooth controltwo-phasetorquechangeinaccordancewi

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