大学计算机英语.docVIP

1.1 1、The computer is a nonthinking electronic device that has to be plugged into an electrical power source, just like a toaster or a lamp. 计算机就是一种没有思想的需要接通电源的电子设备而已，与烤面包机和台灯差不多。 2、Literally hundreds of different types of computers are marketed by scores of manufacturers [1]. 不加夸张地讲，市场上有几百种不同类型的计算机在销售. 3、The complexity of each type may vary considerably, but in the end each processor, sometimes called the central processing unit or CPU, has only two fundamental sections: the control unit and the arithmetic and logic unit. 每种电脑在复杂性上可能有很大区别，但归根结底,每种处理器，有时称为中央处理器即cpu，只有两个基本部分:控制单元和计算逻辑单元. 4、 With no mechanical movement, data can be accessed from primary storage at electronic speeds, or close to the speed of light. 由于没有机械运转的需要，主存种数据访问可以达到电子的速度，或接近于光速。 5、about one eighth the size of a postage stamp 大约1/8张邮票大小 6、The message is interpreted, and the processor initiates action to retrieve the appropriate program and data from secondary storage [3] 这个查询被解释，处理器发起操作从辅助存储器中调用合适的程序和数据。 7、The contents of ROM are “hard-wired” (designed into the logic of the memory chip) by the manufacturer and can be “read only” ROM的内容是被生产商通过硬件电路写入的，并且不能被重写。 8、Then the ROM program produces the initial display screen prompt. 然后在显示器中显示开机提示。 9、It can be written into at any time without erasing prior contents; only the byte or bytes addressed are updated. 它可以在任何时候写入，而且不会擦除以前的内容；只会更新被寻址的字节。 10、The EEPROM combines the advantage of nonvolatility with the flexibility of being updatable in place 电可擦可编程存储器把非易失性优点和可更新、需要更新的地方的灵活性结合起来 2.1 1、One laser beam writes to the recording surface by scoring microscopic pits in the disk, and another laser reads the data from the light-sensitive recording surface. 一束激光通过在光盘上刻制微小的凹点，对记录表面进行写；而另一束激光用来从光敏感的记录表面读取数据。 2、They are less sensitive to environmental fluctuations, and they provide more direct-access storage at a cost that is much less per megabyte of storage than the magnetic-disk alternative. 它们(光盘)对环境变化不太敏感，并且它们以每兆字节比磁盘低得多的存储器价格提供更多的直接存取存储器。 3、Intro