英语国家概况隋铭才版本完美版.docVIP

1 Chapter 1 General Introduction to Physiographical Features The Locations of the UK and the USA The location of the UK Situated in Northwestern Europe, lying to the north of France and the west of the Netherlands, Denmark and Norway, the United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is made up of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and numerous coastal islands, big and small. The total area of the country is 242,532 square kilometers. The location of the USA Situated in the central part of North America with its two youngest states - Alaska in the northwestern part of North America and Hawaii in the central Pacific Ocean, the United States of America is bounded by Canada on the north and by Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south, with the Atlantic Ocean on the east and the Pacific Ocean on the west. The total area of the country is 9372,614 square kilometers. The Phvsiographical Features of the UK Introduction Off continental Europe lie two islands know as the British Isles. The largest of the islands is Great Britain. The next largest consists of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland which belongs to the UK. Great Britain comprises England, Scotland and Wales. Off the northeast of Scotland are the Orkney Islands and the Shetland Islands. England (the Lowland Zone) The Pennies is a kind of upland. Since the 19th century, it has been called the backbone of England, which stretches about 120 kilometers from the south to the north. In the west of the Pennies is the Lake District which consists of a crudely radial arrangement of lakes set in spectacular U-shaped valleys among jagged mountains. To the north of the Pennies lie the Cheviot Mills along the border with Scotland. Scotland (the I Iighland Zone) Scotland is chiefly mountainous. With a general trend from southeast to northwest, the Southern Uplands, the Grampians and the North West Highlands dominate Scotland. In the northwestern pat of the Grampians stands Ben Nevis (1,343 meters high