倒装 英语语法教学文稿.ppt

倒装; 英语基本语序为主语在前,谓语在后。有时为了某种需要, 如保持句子平衡、强调或固定的句型结构,而把谓语放在主语之前,这种语序叫倒装语序。 　　倒装有两种:全部倒装和部分倒装。 　　一、全部倒装 　　把谓语全部放在主语之前,叫全部倒装。 　　1.There be句型中,用全部倒装。例如: 　　There was nobody in this school. 　　There is something wrong with the machine. 　　There are different opinions on it. 　　Note： There 不能于have 搭配 但可于stand，live， lie,appear，exist等动词搭配。如： There stands a temple on the top of the mountain. ;2.here, there, now, then, thus, in, up, away等副词位于句首, 谓语动词常用come, go, lie, run等,要用全部倒装.例如: 　　Here comes the bus! 　　There goes the bell. 　　Then followed three days of heavy rain! 　　注意:如主语是人称代词,则只把副词提前位于句首, 主语和谓??的位置不倒装。例如: 　　Here they come! 　　Away they went. Note 此类倒装常用于一般时中，不用于进行时中；如不说； Here is coming the bus.;3.如果句子把地点状语提前,谓语动词为be, sit, come, go, lie, stand等,需要全部倒装。例如: 　　On the hill stands a temple. 　　Around the corner exist two banks. 　　On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse. 4.为了句子平衡或强调,将表语置于句首,也用全部倒装。例如: 　　Gone are the days when we lived in the countryside. 　　Present at the meeting are my friends from south America. 5.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首,需全部倒装。例如: 　　What are you doing? asked the teacher. 但如果主语为代词或谓语还有其他词修饰,则不倒装。例如: 　　What are you doing? he asked. 　　How do you feel these days? The teacher asked me like my mother. ;二、部分倒装 　　只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前,叫部分倒装。 　　1.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句用部分倒装。例如: 　　Do you have any ink? 　　What do you usually do on Sundays? 　　2.否定副词位于句首,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, nowhere等,或否定副词短语位于句首, 如in no way, on no account, at no time, in no case, by no means等,句子用部分倒装。例如: 　　Never in my life have I heard such a thing. 　　Seldom does he come recently. 　　Hardly could she believe her own eyes. 　　At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. ;7.as引导让步状语从句时,从句用部分倒装。结构为: 　　名词(不加冠词)/形容词/副词/动词+as+主语+谓语。 例如: 　　Child as he was, he could speak two languages. 　　Tired as she was, she went on cooking. Try as he migh