英语修辞(English Rhetoric) 现代大学英语精读教材.pptVIP

英语修辞(English Rhetoric);Simile(明喻）;Metaphor：(暗喻）; Analogy: (类比）;Personification: (拟人）;e.g The face wasn’t a bad one: it had what they called charm. (正话反说，反映说话者的矜持) The man is no fool. 这个人决不是个傻瓜 I shan’t be sorry when this is over. (I shall be very glad when this is over.) 2) by using such downtoners as a bit, scarcely, hardly, rather, quite, pretty, kind of, sort of, something of, almost, etc. in place of such uptoners as very. ;e.g. Mr. Li is something of a philosopher. 李先生有些哲学家的风味。 The place is some distance off. (the place is far away.) (那个地方离这有点距离。） There was a slight disturbance in the city yesterday. All the shops were shut. ;Euphemism: (委婉）;Metonymy (转喻/借代）;e.g The pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces/war). Beware of bottle. (谨防喝醉酒) . Let’s drink a cup. The red eyes walked into the classroom. He has a good ear for music. 他善于欣赏音乐。 He has a sharp tongue.他言语尖刻。 The kettle is boiling. The gray hair should be respected.(The gray hair, the effect of old age, stands for old-aged people) ;Synecdoche (提喻）;Einstein is my admiration. (‘admiration’ stands for ‘the person who I admire’. Abstract for specific) There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman. (here tiger and ape indicate cruel and cunning respectively. Concrete words are used for abstract things.) There are not only roses, but also sweat and tears in life.;Pun: (双关语）;e.g A cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here arms has two meanings: a persons body; weapons carried by a soldier.) (double meaning) Farewell to Arms (Heimingway’s novel) Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man. ( grave man，即是严肃的人，又是坟墓中的死人。) (double meaning) “Gentlemen, order!”—— “Beer!” Seven days without water make one weak. (week) (homophones) Is life worth living? It depends on the liver.(liver can refer to one who lives, or an organ of one’s body.)(homonyms); Irony: (反语/讽刺） ;Sarcasm: (讽刺）;Paradox (似非而是的隽语);When one pursues happiness itself, one is miserable; bu