南京市中考一轮复习之宾语从句讲义(含答案).docx

宾语从句三要素、宾语从句句式变换、直接引语和间接引语知识点1：宾语从句的概念和结构在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时，这个句子就叫宾语从句。结构：主句 + 连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句如： I lovewhat you gave me.从句连接词主句例：判断下列句子哪些是宾语从句，是的打T，错的打F。1. This is the man who gave me the book .2.I have a sister who works in Shanghai.3.We know that we should keep the earth clean.4.I know that he lives here.5.We don’t know if our teachers will attend the meeting.6.He asked me which coat I liked best.7.If it is fine tomorrow, I will go on a trip.8.She doesn’t think that she can pass the exam.9.He is disappointed because he failed again.10.Please tell me how I can get there.解析：1. 为定语从句，先行词为“the man”,引导词为“who”； 2. 为定语从句，先行词为“a sister”,引导词为“who”； 7. 为if引导的条件状语从句； 9. 为because引导的原因状语从句。答案：. 为F .8.10.为T知识点2：宾语从句的引导词1. that引导的宾语从句陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句，由连词that引导。因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：I?think?(that)?this?answer?is?correct. I?know?nothing?about?him?except?(that)?he?lives?the?next?door.I’m?sure?(that)?Mary?will?come?here?on?time.2．if或whether引导的宾语从句一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词whether或if引导，在句中不作成分。因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。例如：I?want?to?know?whether/if?you?will?come?soon. I?wonder?whether/if?you’d?like?to?read?the?novel. 后接if/whether的常见词有：want to know/wonder/doubt/I’m not sure。if和whether的区别：能用whether不能用if的几种情况：①宾语从句中有or?not时（意思为“或不是”，“或没有”），则用whether…or?not；如：I?am?not?sure?whether?it?will?be?fine?or?not?tomorrow.（我不能肯定明天天气是好还是不好。）②在介词后； e.g. It depends on whether it is going to rain.③whether 后可接动词不定式；She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait. ④whether可做主语。Whether the news is true remains a question.能用if不能用whether的情况：If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外，还可表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则，如：You will achieve great success, if you have a dream and believe in it.3．wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词who、whom、whose、what、which等或疑问副词when、where、how、why等引导，例如：Do?you?know?when?the?meeting?will?begin?（你知道会议什么时候开始？）Could?you?tell?me?who?teaches?us?English?（你能告诉我谁教我们英语吗？）Do?you?know?which?is?faster,?a?car?or?a?plane?（你知道飞机和小汽车哪一个快？）I?was?surprised?at?what?he?