Noncoding Sequences、Noncoding RNAs and Noncoding Genes 生物信息学教材.ppt

;; ;;BREAKTHROUGH OF THE YEAR(2001): Science celebrates nine other areas in which important findings were reported this year, from subatomic to atmospheric and beyond.First runner-up: RNA ascending. ;;Proportion of functional elements within genomes; ; ;;;;SINE elements serve as recombination hot-spots allowing the exchange of genetic material between unrelated sequences. SINEs as translated parts of host genes ;SINEs as a source of regulatory elements ;;Small RNA and RNA Interference(RNAi） ;Timeline; ; ;miRNA biogenesis;; ; ; ;C. elegans;Secondary structure parameters; ;脑灰质组织RNA分离小RNA，合适的标记方法标记后和miRNA芯片杂交结果;Regulation of Transcription by a Small Nuclear RNA/hottopics/7SK_010702.html; ;;;His-1: A noncoding RNA implicated in mouse leukemogenesisFan Xu, Molly McFarland and David S. Askew*Histol. Histopathol., 1999, 14, 235–241.;;;;２)、Thousands upon thousands of noncoding gene and noncoding RNA are not be found ;12,900 new human ncRNAs; ;Biological Dark MatterNewfound RNA suggests a hidden complexity inside cellsJohn Travis;;NONCODE;RNomics work;Genome Res 16, 20, 2006;Nested loci;The C. elegans transcriptomeTiling array study;The C. elegans transcriptome;The C. elegans intermediate-size ncRNAs;miRNA-related work;Long ncRNAs encode miRNAs;miRNAs regulate ml-ncRNAs;miRNAs regulate ml-ncRNAs;How to predict miRNA target sites in messenger-like ncRNAs? No defined 3’UTRs Low conservation levels Messenger-like transcriptshave 3’UTR-like conservationcharacteristics;Predicted ml-ncRNA targets of 8 tissue specific miRNAs (miRanda) Result: Targets of three miRNAs show significantly reduced expression in the tissue(s) where the targeting miRNA is expressed;Do miRNAs regulate miRNAs?; ;;;;miRNA-induced transcriptional gene silencingPromotor asscoiated RNA ;siRNAs targeting hoxd4 promoter-associated RNAs inhibits hoxd4 expression siRNA targeting the pri-miR-10b stem (but not loop) inhibits hoxd4 expression miR-10a/b can’t suppress their own immediate coding