Unit 05 Car Suspension 汽车专业英语教程文件.ppt

Unit 5 Car Suspension;Unit 5 Car Suspension;In such a situation, the wheels can lose contact with the road completely[1]. Then, under the downward force of gravity, the wheels can slam back into the road surface. ;; These systems include: (1)??The frame—structural, load-carrying component that supports the cars engine and body, which are in turn supported by the suspension. (2)??The suspension system—setup that supports weight, absorbs and dampens shock and helps maintain tire contact.; Springs. Todays springing systems are based on one of four basic designs: Coil springs—This is the most common type of spring and is, in essence, a heavy-duty torsion bar coiled around an axis. Coil springs compress and expand to absorb the motion of the wheels. ; Leaf springs—This type of spring consists of several layers of metal (called leaves) bound together to act as a single unit. Torsion bars—Torsion bars use the twisting properties of a steel bar to provide coil-spring-like performance. This is how they work: one end of a bar is anchored to the vehicle frame. ;The other end is attached to a wishbone, which acts like a lever that moves perpendicular to the torsion bar. When the wheel hits a bump, vertical motion is transferred to the wishbone and then, through the levering action, to the torsion bar. The torsion bar then twists along its axis to provide the spring force. ;; Air springs—Air springs, which consist of a cylindrical chamber of air positioned between the wheel and the cars body, use the compressive qualities of air to absorb wheel vibrations. Based on where springs are located on a car—i.e., between the wheels and the frame—engineers often find it convenient to talk about the sprung mass and the unsprung mass. ;Springs: Sprung and Unsprung Mass The sprung mass is the mass of the vehicle supported on the springs, while the unsprung mass is loosely defined as the mass between the road and the suspension springs[2]. The stiffness of the spring