中考英语被动语态相关复习.ppt

Welcome ［复习要点］ ? Tom broke the window.???? （主动语态） ①??? ? ②??????? ??? ③ The window was broken by Tom. （被动语态） ③??????????? ???? ②???????????????? ① 英语的谓语动词有两种语态 主动语态 被动语态 （前者表示句子的主语为动作的发出者，后者表示句子的主语为动作的承受者。） 从以上对比可以看出，主动句中的主语Tom在被动句中 变成了短语by Tom，主动句中的宾语the window变成了被 动句中的主语。由于被动句中的主语即主动句中的宾语， 因此，只有及物动词才有被动语态。 被动语态的构成 时 间 一? ? 般 进? ? 行 完? ? 成 现 ? 在 ?am/is/are asked ?被问 ?am/is/are being asked ?正在被问 ?have/has been asked ?已经被问过 过 ? 去 ?was/were asked （过去）被问 ?was/were being asked （过去）正被问 ?had been asked （过去）已被问过 将 ? 来 ?shall/will be asked ?将要被问 1．被动语态的各种时态均由助动词be的变化构成。 2．被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。 3.人称和时态的变化体现在be动词上，而过去分词在任何时态中都不改变。 过去将来 ?should/would be asked （过去）将要被问 被动语态基本构成：be+过去分词 常见的被动结构 1? SVO句型的被动结构 SVO句型中的谓语为单宾及物动词，其被动结构是： S + V(被动式) (+ by短语)。 He wrote the book two years ago. → The book was written by him two years ago. .2? SVoO句型的被动结构 SVoO句型中的谓语动词为双宾及物动词，其被动结构是： S + V(被动式) + O/o(保留宾语) (+ by短语)。 My aunt gave me an apple. → * I was given an apple. An apple was given to me.? 一般把间接宾语（表示人）作为被动句的主语，而把直接宾语（表示物）作为保留宾语。如果把直接宾语作为被动句的主语，则间接宾语作为保留宾语，它的前面通常要用介词to或for（视动词而定） 4、Mr. Wu was in hospital . when we went to see him , he ____on . A. operated B. was operated C. was operating D. was being operated 5、The new school ______ when the new term begins. A. finishes B. will finish C. will be finished D. would finish 6、The old scientist said that he __ to visit their country before long . A. invited B. had invited C. was inviting D. would be invited 过去进行时态：was/were + being +过去分词 一般将来时态：will + be+过去分词 过去将来时态：would + be+过去分词 7、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____ in the poor area. A. built B. have built C. have been built D. have been building