unit1 grammar1 主谓一致.docVIP

Unit 1 Women of achievement ----grammar (1) 【使用说明】 1.回忆学过的主谓一致的相关用法，查阅教材88页，独立完成导学案； 2.课前认真完成导学案，书写规范，使用双色笔，对重难点及需要注意的地方进行批注。 【学习目标】 1.掌握英语主谓一致的基本用法。 2.应用主谓一致规则解决相关问题。 【导学.导思展示】 主谓一致概念：句子中的主语和谓语动词要在人称和数上相一致，如： I am seventeen. She is sixteen. They have left. John gets up early every morning. 二、主谓一致原则： 1.语法一致：主语单数，谓语单数;主语复数，谓语复数，如： He is a worker. Mary and Tom are doctors. 2.意义一致：指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的意义，如： Physics is hard to learn. The family all have gone on holiday. 3.就近原则：谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，如： Either you or I am right. 三、主谓一致常见情况： 1.集体名词，如family, team group，class，club，company，audience，enemy，crowd，government等作主语时，如果整体，谓语动词用单数形式，如果成员，谓语动词用复数形式。如： His family is a happy one. The whole family are watching TV. 2.某些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。如： The police are searching for the thief. 单、复数同形的名词主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如： A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there. 4.表示、距离、金、等复数名词时谓语用单数形式。如： Three years has passed since then. Sixty years is a long time. 5.两个名词由and或both…and连接主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如： WBoth water and air are fundamental to human beings 注意： （1）并列主语如果指同一人、物概念，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。如： TA knife and fork is on the table. (2) 不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词以and连接时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如： Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. more than one…或many a…，谓语动词用单数形式。如： More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. 7. 两个名词由as well as, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导时，谓语动词单、复数定。如： The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library. 以or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词（代词）作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。如： Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.Either you or he is to go. 9.由there 或here引导的句子(there be 或here be结构)，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致，如： There is a glass, two books and a pencil box on the desk. Here are some books and a pen for you. 10. every，each，either，another，the other作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数 Each book / Each costs five yuan. 11.