The States of Matter物质状态.ppt

Complete the following gas problems: A gas has a volume of 5L, at a pressure of 50KPa. What happens to the volume when the pressure is increased to 125KPa? The temperature doesn’t change. P1 = 50 KPa V1 = 5L P2 = 125 KPa V2 = ? T1 = T2 = P1 V1 = P2 V2 (Boyle’s Law) P1 V1 = V2 = 50 x 5 P2 125 2 L = V2 2. At 10 oC, the gas in a cylinder has a volume of 0.250 L. The gas volume is allowed to expand to 0.285 L. To keep the pressure the same, the temperature is adjusted to what, after expansion? T2 = 11.4 oC 3. Gas stored in a 100 liter tank at 273K (0oC), has a pressure of 388 KPa. The safe limit for the pressure is 825 KPa. At what temperature (in oC) will the gas reach this pressure? T2 = 307.5 oC The States of Matter How does matter respond to its environment? And the UNIT Essential Question is… What are the phases of matter? Today’s Essential Question I. The 5 phases of matter D. gas E. plasma B. solid C. liquid A. Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) Essential question: What are the phases of matter? Has a definite shape a definite volume Has no definite shape, but has a definite volume Has no definite shape no definite volume What causes matter to behave in a certain way? At room temperature; why is Copper a solid, Mercury a liquid, and Helium a gas? II. The Kinetic Theory of  Matter A. Moving particles have energy, Kinetic Energy B. All particles of matter are in constant motion 1. The motion determines the state or phase of matter 2. The motion gives matter certain properties Essential question: What causes matter to behave a certain way? What are the characteristics of each phase of matter? III. The Common States of  Matter A. Solids Essential question: What are the characteristics of each phase of matter? 1. Have a definite shape and volume 2. Particles are packed very close together and have order 3. Particles are fixed but can