学习困难初二学生工作记忆容量.docVIP

学习困难初二学生工作记忆容量 　　【摘 要】 目的：探讨学习困难初二学生的工作记忆容量。方法：用学习困难量表筛选出初中二年级语文困难26人、数学困难29人、双困难29人和28名对照组初二学生，通过计算机个别测试，所有初二学生均完成言语和空间6项工作记忆任务。结果：四组学生的6项工作记忆任务得分差异均有统计学显著性，对照组得分均高于三类学习困难初二学生。在阅读广度上对照组初二学生得分高于三类学习困难初二学生（3．9±0．6/1．7±0．6、2．9±0．9、1．8±0．6，F=61．37，P=0．000），语文困难和双困难组初二学生得分显著低于数学困难组（P=0．000）；在计算广度上对照组得分均高于三类学习困难组（4．5±1．1/3．8±0．8、1．8±0．8、1．8±0．6，F=79．38，P=0．000），语文困难组得分高于数学困难组及双困难组（P=0．000）；双困难组的6项工作记忆容量任务得分均低于对照组。结论：学习困难初二学生的工作记忆容量均存在缺陷，不同学习能力组学生的工作记忆容量出现了不同程度的分化，言语工作记忆容量对学习困难初二学生的影响大于空间工作记忆容量的影响。 　　【关键词】 学习困难；工作记忆；言语工作记忆容量；空间工作记忆容量；病例对照研究 　　中图分类号：B844．1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6729(2007)09-00587-05 　　Working Memory Capacity of Adolescents with Learning Disability 　　WANG En－Guo1，3 ， LIU Chang?2 　　1 Institute of the Psychology and Behavioral, Tianjin Normal university, Tianjin 300074 　　2 Institute of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097 　　3 Institute of Psychology, Henan University，Kaifeng 475001 　　【Abstract】Objective: To survey working memory capacity of children with learning disability．Methods:Using the learning disabilities meter screening method, the authors selected junior 2 students from 3 different secondary schools, including 26 students with Chinese learning disabilities, 29 with mathematics learning disabilities, 26 weak in both fields and 28 normal controls． Through computer individual test, all children completed the language and the 6 spatial working memory capacity duties．Results:Children withlearning disabilities had lower capacity than the control group in reading span（1．7±0．6，2．9±0．9，1．8±0．6 vs 3．9±0．6，F=61．37，P=0．000），Those with learning disabilities wasremarkably lower than the control group incomputation span (3．8±0．8，1．8±0．8，1．8±0．6 vs 4．5±1．1，F=79．38, P=0．000)．The children with double difficulties had lower capacities than the control group in both working memory capacity duties． Conclusion:Working memory capacity of learning disability children has deficits． Children with different disability had varying differentiation． The ve