英国文学Chapter5ppt.pptVIP

Chapter 5  The Rise of the Novel I. English novels before the 18th century 1. Overview 2. John Bunyan II. The rise of the novel in the 18th century 1. Overview 2. Daniel Defoe 3. Jonathan Swift III. The maturity of the novel 1. Overview 2. Henry Fielding 1. Overview The English novel matured in the 18th century. It developed over a century slower than European novels. English novel was influenced by European novels, esp. French, Italian, Spanish novels. “Novel” came from the Italian word novella. Samuel Richardson’s Pamela (1740) is the 1st mature English novel. Prose fiction before 1700 helped to nurture the English novel. Samuel Richardson’s Pamela (1740) Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded is an epistolary 书信体novel. It tells the story of a maid named Pamela whose master, Mr. B., makes unwanted advances towards her. She rejects him continually, and her virtue is eventually rewarded when he shows his sincerity by proposing an equitable marriage to her. In the second part of the novel, Pamela attempts to accommodate herself to upper-class society and to build a successful relationship with him. 2. John Bunyan (1628-88) His personal experience The son of a tinker补锅匠, serves an apprenticeship Fights in the parliamentary army in the Civil War In 1655, becomes a preacher and believes in Puritan Put into prison for the freedom of preach and starts writing religious books His works and achievements The Pilgrim’s Progress (1678) was written during his 2nd imprisonment. It depicts the pilgrimage of a human soul searching for salvation. He travels from Destruction to Heaven, through a series of tests. It is filled with realistic descriptions, lucid prose and familiar images. II. The rise of the novel in the 18th century Novel allowed writers a creative space to examine society with depth and breadth. Writers criticized the deep gap between different classes and the unsatisfactory society. Early English novels dramatized the rise of bourgeoisie中产阶级 . Writers could make a living th