[精品]高等教育出版社(影印版).ppt

Operating Systems Text Book and References Operating System Concepts (6th Ed.)A. Siberschatz, P. B. Galvin, and G. GagneJohn Wiley Sons, Inc. 高等教育出版社（影印版），2002 Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles (3rd Ed.)William Stallings Prentice Hall 清华大学出版社（影印本），1998 Text Book and References 边干边学 － Linux内核指导 李善平，陈文智等编著 浙江大学出版社，2002 Linux内核2.4版源代码分析大全 李善平等编著 机械工业出版社，2002 Understanding the Linux Kernel (2nd Ed.)D. P. Bovet and M. CesatiO’Reilly Media, Inc. 2003深入理解Linux内核，中国电力出版社，2004 1 Introduction Contents What is an Operating System? Mainframe Systems Desktop Systems Multiprocessor Systems Distributed Systems Clustered System Real-Time Systems Handheld Systems Feature Migration Computing Environments 1.1 What is an OS? an OS is a program that … manages the computer hardware provides a basis for application programs acts as an intermediary between a user and the computer hardware operating system goals execute user programs and make solving user problems easier make the computer system convenient to use use the computer hardware in an efficient manner Abstract view of system components Computer System Components 1. Hardware – provides basic computing resources (CPU, memory, I/O devices) 2. Operating system – controls and coordinates the use of the hardware among the various application programs for the various users 3. Applications programs – define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users (word processor, spreadsheets, web browsers, compilers, database systems, games, etc) 4. Users – people, machines, other computers 1.1.1 User View PC designed for ease of use some attention paid to performance no attention to resource utilization mainframe, or minicomputer maximize resource utilization (CPU, memory, I/O devices are used efficiently) fair share among users workstations compromise between individual usability and resource utilization 1.1.2 System View an OS is a resource allocator CPU time me