机械设计07柱屈曲.pptxVIP

07 - 1 Failure of Columns The component under a cyclic loading should have a fatigue life higher than the specified: N Nspec Static Strength Static Stiffness Fatigue Stability 07 - 2 Differential Equation for Pin-Ended Beams Bending Moment Differential Equation Solution Column 07 - 3 Euler’s Formula for Pin-Ended Beams Solution Boundary Condition A = 0  y = 0: no buckling Critical Load: n=1 07 - 4 Extension of Euler’s Formula to Cantilever Beams Can we get the same result from solving a differential equation? Yes, BUT 07 - 5 Other Beams k = 0.5 k = 2 k = 0.7 k = 1 07 - 6 Critical Stress for Columns: Euler’s Equation Critical Load Critical Stress, Euler’s Equation 07 - 7 Let’s plot scr v.s. Le/r for E = 200 GPa and sy = 250 MPa. Critical Stress for Columns: Johnson’s Formula The portion over sy is useless, since the static strength needs also to be satisfied. It would appear that if we used the combine curve as the critical stress curve, it would cover the entire range of compressive problems from the shortest to the longest compression member. However, the above conclusion is not true, as (a) the end conditions may not the same as the ideal end condition, (b) E is reduced when s approaches sy, … It turns out the real curve for a short column will look like the blue one shown in the figure. 07 - 8 Critical Stress for Columns: Summary Different codes (ASME, ASCE, etc.) may use different equations for different materials, etc. Check with appropriate codes and standards when you design. 07 - 9 Critical Stress for Columns: Other Formula 07 - 10 Example 1 Problem Solution Strategy Calculate the compressive axial force. Assume a long column, and use Euler’s Equation to design Check the “long column” assumption. If the assumption is correct, stop and that is the design. If the assumption is wrong, use the Johnson Formula. Obtain material properties. 07 - 11 Solution to Ex. 1 (a) Material Compress-ive force Assume Euler, k=1 Check Euler 07 - 12 Solution to Ex. 1 (b) Assu