渡云环球教育暑假七年级英语.pdf

暑假学习轻松一夏 班级： 姓名： 目 录 第一部分——语音 第二部分 ——基本语法知识 渡雲专题一 BE动词的用法 ···························7 渡雲专题二 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 ········11 渡雲专题三 名词性物主代词 ··························15 渡雲专题四 人称代词的讲解及用法 ····················20 渡雲专题五 助动词与BE动词的区别···················24 渡雲专题六 一般现在时的讲解及用法 ··················27 渡雲专题七 名词复数(1) ····························31 渡雲专题八 名词复数(2) ····························34 渡雲专题九 英语冠词的用法 ··························38 渡雲专题十 零冠词用法讲解与练习零冠词第 ············42 渡雲专题十一 There be句型讲解与练习··················48 第一部分 语音 音素、音标的概念 （1）音素是记录英语语音的最小单位，英语共48个音素，20个元音，28个辅音。 （2）音标是记录音素的符号，现在我们用国际上通用的48个音标来记录英语语音。为了把音标与字母进 行区分，常把音标放在[ ]或者/ /里。 音标的分类 记录英语音素的48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。 元音：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流在通过口腔时，不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20 个元音，里面包括12 个单元音和8个双元音。 1、单元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ] [ၰ:][] [] [:] [:] [] [ၰ:] [ၰ] 2、双元音：[ၰi] [ei] [i] [ၰ] [ၰ] [ၰၰ] [ε] [i] 辅音：辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。 1、清辅音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts] [h] 2、浊辅音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ] [з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [m] [n] [ŋ] [l] [r] [w] [j] 元音： 前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ] 后元音：[ɑ:] [] [:] [ၰ:] [ၰ] 中元音：[] [:] [] 双元音：[ၰi] [ei] [i] [ၰ] [ၰ] [ၰၰ] [ε] [i] 辅音： 爆破音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 鼻音： [m] [n] [ŋ] 摩擦音：[f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð] [∫] [з] [r] [h] 破擦音：[t∫] [dз] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] 半元音：[w] [j] 舌边音：[l] 前元音： [i:] eၰt [i:t ] 吃 teၰ [ti:]茶 peၰch [pi:tʃ ]桃 he [hi:]他 she [ʃ i:]她 beef [bi:f]