江苏专版2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测二十三阅读理解词义猜测类之代词指代题.docVIP

专题限时检测(二十三)　阅读理解词义猜测类之代词指代题 (加★的为代词指代题，本卷限时23分钟) A (2017·南京市、盐城市高三模拟考试)A little social support from your best buds goes a long way, whether youre a human or a chimpanzee (黑猩猩). A new study that followed a chimpanzee community in the forests of Uganda has found that quality time with close companions significantly decreased stress hormone levels in the primates — whether they were resting, grooming or facing off against rival groups. The findings, described this week in the journal Nature Communications, shed light on the physiological effects of close companionship on chimpanzees — and could have implications for human health too. Researchers have long known that stress can worsen health and raise the risk of early death in humans as well as other social mammals. “It can have effects on immune function, cardio function, fertility, cognition, and even your mood，” said study co-author Kevin Langergraber, a primatologist at Arizona State University. Maintaining close social bonds can help these animals (humans included) reduce some of that stress, potentially minimizing some health risks. But scientists have yet to pin down the exact physiological mechanisms at work. “Social bonds make you survive and produce better — but how do they do that？” Langergraber said. To find out, the international team of researchers studied members of the Sonso chimpanzee community in Ugandas Budongo Forest, a group consisting of 15 males, 35 females and 28 juveniles and infants during the study period from February 2008 to July 2010. Like humans, chimpanzees tend to have besties — bond partners with whom they appear to feel close. The researchers wanted to see whether interactions with these bond partners led to lower stress levels during particularly stressful situations, such as when fighting rival groups, or whether time spent with friends helped lower stress levels more generally, throughout the day. The scientists observed the chimpanzees perform three ty