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Face?and?2-D?Mesh?Animation?in?MPEG-4? Abstract This paper presents an overview of some of the synthetic visual objects supported by MPEG-4 version-1, namely animated faces and animated arbitrary 2D uniform and Delaunay meshes. We discuss both specification and compression of face animation and 2D-mesh animation in MPEG-4. Face animation allows to animate a proprietary face model or a face model downloaded to the decoder. We also address integration of the face animation tool with the text-to-speech interface (TTSI), so that face animation can be driven by text input. Keywords MPEG-4;? Face animation;? Computer graphics;? Deformation;? VRML;? Speech synthesizer; Electronic commerce 1. Introduction MPEG-4 is an object-based multimedia compression standard, which allows for encoding of different audio–visual objects (AVO) in the scene independently. The visual objects may have natural or synthetic content, including arbitrary shape?video objects, special synthetic objects such as human face and body, and generic 2D/3D objects composed of primitives like rectangles, spheres, or indexed face sets, which define an object surface by means of vertices and surface patches. The synthetic visual objects are animated by transforms and special-purpose animation techniques, such as face/body animation and 2D-mesh animation. MPEG-4 also provides synthetic audio tools such as structured audio tools and a text-to-speech interface (TTSI). This paper presents a detailed overview of synthetic visual objects supported by MPEG-4 version-1, namely animated faces and animated arbitrary 2D uniform and Delaunay meshes. We also address integration of the face animation tool with the TTSI, so that face animation can be driven by text input. Body animation and 3D mesh compression and animation will be supported in MPEG-4 version-2, and hence are not covered in this article. The representation of synthetic visual objects in MPEG-4 is based on the prior VRML standard?[11],?[12]?and?[13]?using no