COPD治疗—从指南到临床实践.pptVIP

药物安全性 * * The loss of elasticity and alveolar attachments has significant consequences in COPD patients. In normal expiration, the small airways narrow, but are prevented from closing due to the tethering provided from alveolar attachments. In COPD, a progressive loss of elastic recoil results in greater airway collapse and hence narrowing of the small airways during expiration. Air trapping and hyperinflation are exhibited in spirometry by increases in total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), functional residual capacity (FRC), and decreases in inspiratory capacity (IC), and inspir