sargmti数据压缩和检测性能提高方法分析-analysis of sarg mti data compression and detection performance improvement methods.docxVIP

摘要合成孔径雷达（SAR）具有全天候、全天时、高分辨率的优点，无论在军事 上还是民用中都具有非常重要的意义。将 SAR 和地面运动目标检测（GMTI）相 结合，能够更好地监视场景中的静止和运动目标。我们以多通道 SAR-GMTI 系统 为研究对象，开展了以下几个方面研究：1. 研究了 SAR-GMTI 系统中的数据压缩方法。针对 SAR-GMTI 系统中原始 数据量过大带来的传输和存储问题，将 SAR 系统经典的数据压缩算法——块自适 应量化(BAQ)算法推广至 SAR-GMTI 系统。通过仿真和实测数据处理验证了 BAQ 算法用于 SAR-GMTI 原始数据压缩的有效性。2. 对相干斑噪声抑制方法进行了研究。相干斑噪声是 SAR 图像的内在固有 特性。首先分析了相干斑噪声产生的机理，然后研究了多视处理抑制相干斑噪声的 方法。通过仿真和实测数据处理验证了多视处理在相干斑噪声抑制中的有效性。此 外，我们还对多视处理在提高 SAR-GMTI 性能方面进行了验证。3. 提出了一种在二维频率域利用沿航迹干涉相位进行基线估计的方法。首先对获得的干涉相位沿距离频率轴进行平均处理，然后对平均后的相位进行解缠绕， 最后通过最小二乘拟合估计解缠绕后的相位斜率。利用所估得的斜率值并结合平台 速度信息即可完成基线的估计。经实测数据验证，该方法具有较好的基线估计性能。关键字：合成孔径雷达 地面运动目标检测 块自适应量化 相干斑噪声抑制 基线 估计IISAR-GMTI 数据压缩及提高检测性能的方法研究ABSTRACTSynthetic aperture radar (SAR) has the advantages of all-weather, all-time, high-resolution, and plays an important role in both martial field and civilian field. The combination of SAR and ground moving target indication (GMTI) can better monitor both the stationary and moving targets in the scene. We focus on multi-channel SAR-GMTI system, and the major works is as follows:Firstly, we study the data compression method for SAR-GMTI system. The SAR-GMTI system suffers from transmission and storage of large amounts of raw data, thus we generalize the classic block adaptive quantization (BAQ) algorithm to it. The results of simulation and real data experiment are used to verify the applicability of the BAQ to process the SAR-GMTI raw data.Secondly, we study the speckle noise reduction method. Speckle noise is an inherent and characteristic feature of SAR image. We analysis the mechanism of the causes of the speckle noise first, and then we study the speckle noise reduction method based on multi-look processing. Results with simulations and real data show the effectiveness of the multi-look based speckle noise reduction method. Furthermore, we also examine the SAR-GMTI performance improvement based on the multi-look processing.Thirdly, we proposed a baseline estimation method using the along track interferometric phase,