德国低能耗建筑能效指标体系能源证书制度对中国低能耗建筑启示.docVIP

德国低能耗建筑能效指标体系能源证书制度对中国低能耗建筑启示 　　摘要: 以被动设计为主，主动技术优化为原则的德国低能耗、被动房建筑。在节能性能上甚至有很多指标超过美国LEED绿色建筑评估体系的要求，这主要得益于德国工业严谨的指标体系建设：年采暖终端热耗、一次能源消耗等指标量化建筑的节能标准，这样设计者即可方便的比较使用各种节能方法或节能设备的可能性，从而系统的得到较为经济高效的节能方案。同时由于市场对节能建筑的接受度很大程度是受到投资与收益的平衡影响，德国节能建筑通过“需求最小化”和“供给最优化”原则，使收益可预见。中国学习德国的先进的建筑节能经验，并非简单的技术叠加，建立节能指标体系、能效标识认证制度和市场机制，使节能变为理智有法可依，才是中国全面推行建筑节能的必行之路。 　　关键字:德国低能耗建筑、能效指标体系、能源证书制度 　　Abstract: the design is given priority to with passive and active technology optimization for the principle of German low energy consumption, passive room construction. In energy-saving performance and even have a lot of index more than the United States green building LEED evaluation of requirements, this is due to the German industrial rigorous index system construction: the heating terminal heat consumption, an energy consumption of building energy-saving index quantification such as standard, so that the designer can use all sorts of energy saving of the convenient comparison method or the possibility of energy saving equipment, thus the system more efficient economy get energy saving method. And because the market for energy conservation of the building acceptance to a great degree by investment and profit is the balance of the influence, the German energy-saving building through the demand minimize and supply optimization principle, make gains can be predicted. China to study German advanced building energy conservation experience, not simple technology stack, build energy-saving index system, the energy efficiency label the authentication system and the market mechanism, which can be a reason that there is in the full implementation of the building energy efficiency will do road. 　　Key word: Germany low-energy buildings, energy efficiency index system, energy certificate system 　　 　　 　　中图分类号：TE08文献标识码：A 文章编号： 　　 随着全球气候变暖问题越来越严峻，欧盟国家加强了温室气体减排的力度。根据联合国环境规划署的统计，欧美国家建筑能耗占社会终端能耗的比重越来越大，约为30%～40%以上。2007年3月欧盟国家与政府首脑会议提出了三个“20%”的节能减排目标：即在2020年以前将温室气体的排放量在1990年水平上降低20%，2020年前将一次能源消耗降低20%，2020年前