《英美诗歌选读课程教案第七讲首页.docVIP

《英美诗歌选读》课程教案第七讲首页 学生专业班级 学 时 数 教学目的 教学内容 教学重点 教学难点 教学进程 教学方法 教 具 课后总结 作 业 备注：教学进程一栏可根据教学内容的多少自定页数。 第七讲 五行打油诗与短回旋诗 五行打油诗（Limerick）与短回旋诗(Rondelet)属于轻体诗（light verse），以幽默讽刺为重要特征。 第一节 五行打油诗 五行打油诗是英国人爱德华?李尔(Edward Lear, 1812~1888)所创，此后，英国人写了无数的五行打油诗，但大多是匿名作品。这类诗在形式上为五行，第一、二、五行为相同韵步，押尾韵，第三、四行为相同韵步，押尾韵，韵式为aabba。例如： The secret of love is the power To weather the sweet and the sour Your joy will not weaken With love as your beacon Through sunshine and through thunder shower. （Anonymous: Love’s Secret） 又如： There once was a girl who loved rhyme; She felt her writing was sublime. Indeed quite a poet, Though some didnt know it, Shed be rich if each paid a dime. （Anonymous） 再如： I wish you success with your dreams. Its easy if we work in teams So all in due course Lets give it more sauce. It isnt as tough as it seems. （Anonymous） 顺便一提，英语诗歌中有一种诗叫doggerel，俗称打油诗，指的是不合韵律且粗劣的蹩脚诗，与五行打油诗是两个概念。 第二节 短回旋诗 短回旋诗是一种法国诗体，由一个七行诗节构成，只有两个韵，其中，第三行和第七行与第一行完全相同，是迭句（refrain）。其韵式为AbAabbA（A代表迭句的韵）。如无名氏的《我的归属》： Hearing your voice The future is so much grander Hearing your voice Every morning I rejoice No more am I a bystander I look to you my commander Hearing your voic （Anolymous: I Belong） 又如无名氏的《留在身后》： Feeling the pain You should have seen but you were blind Feeling the pain Emptiness will drive you insane Only memories to remind Of how we used to lay entwined Feeling the pain (Anonymous: Left Behind) 素体诗与自由诗 第一节 素体诗 素体诗（blank verse）指由抑扬格五韵步写成但不押尾韵的诗歌。 莎士比亚的剧作大部分由素体诗写成，如《如愿》中第二幕第七景以下诗行： All the world’s a stage, And all the men and women, merely players; They have their exits and their entrances, And one man in his time plays many parts, His Acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling, and puking in the nurse’s arms: (Shakespeare: As You Like It, Act II, Scene 7) 除了第一行，其余诗行都是抑扬格五韵步，但不押尾韵。 弥尔顿的史诗《失乐园》也是用素体写成的，如一开始的第27行至第33行： Say first—for heaven hides nothing from thy view, Nor the deep tract of Hell—say first what cause Moved our grand Parensts, in that ha