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The syntax of French adverbs without functional projections文档
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The syntax of French adverbs without functional projections
Anne Abeillé Danièle Godard
Université Paris VII, LLF CNRS - Université Paris VII, LLF
abeille@linguist.jussieu.fr - dgodard@linguist.jussieu.fr
It is well accepted within current generative grammar that adverb positions
provide evidence for a more complex clause structure than was previously
assumed (e.g. Pollock 1989, Laezlinger 1998, 2002, Cinque 1999). In this view,
instead of being adjoined to syntactic categories such as VP, AP etc., adverbs
are analysed as specifiers of (or adjuncts to) abstract functional projections,
whose identity depends on the semantic class of the adverb. Such functional
projections are organised in a (universal) hierarchy which accounts for adverb
ordering. Adverbs are generated higher than the verb, and verb movement (or
‘remnant VP’ movement) is used to explain the occurrence of adverbs after as
well as before the verb.
We propose an alternative view of adverb distribution, focusing on French
adverbs. Like Ernst (1998, 2002), we observe that the hierarchy is too rigid to
account for the complexity of the data concerning scope and adverb ordering.
In addition, we show that an analysis based on a hierarchy of functional
projections misses one of the key properties of adverbs, which is generally
overlooked: their syntactic polymorphism. When one looks at their occurrence
in different syntactic domains, and not just in the VP and S, the simplicity
provided by the hierarchy of functional projections appears illusory. Adopting a
phrase structure approach, which does not make use of functional projections
or movement, we provide here a general picture of the syntax of French
adverbs, by putting together several analyse
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