4打印-定语从句终极版.doc

定语从句 定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who, whom, that,which,where,when,why等 （关系词三重作用：①连接主从句 ②指代先行词③在定语从句中担任句子成分） The man who lives next to me sells vegetables. ?该句中，who lives next to me ?是定语从句，修饰先行词the?man，?“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the?man，在定语从句中作主语。二、引导词 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, which, that, whose, as等和关系副词where, when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。 1、用关系代词that, which, who, whom引导的定语从句 who指人，用作主语 whom 指人，用作宾语 which 指物 ，用作主语、宾语皆可 that 指人和物， 用作主语、宾语皆可 The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They palnted some trees which didn’t need much water. The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 2、由关系代词whose引导的定语从句： 先行词既可指人，也可指物，一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”，请看例子 I went to see my friends, the Smiths, whose children I used to look after when they were small. The room whose window faces south is mine. 3、由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句 when在从句中作时间状语 October lst, 1949 is the day when (=on which) the People’s Republic of China was founded. where在从句中作地点状语 I recently went to the town where (=in which) I was born. why在从句中作原因状语 The reason why (=for which) he was late was that he missed the train. ：高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。事实上，对于where这个词，不能只理解为表地点。当先行词为situation, case, stage, point等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，要用到关系副词where引导。way (方式，方法)后常用in which或that引导定语从句，也可省略 which或that引导定语从句 They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 他们已经到了必须分手的地步了。 Do you know the way (in which/that) he worked out the problem?引导限制性定语从句???引导限制性定语从句时,通常和such,the same,as(so)等连用,构成such...as/such as,the same...as/the same as,as(so)...as等结构,在从句中可作主语,宾语和表语。????????????This is the same watch as I lost.???????这同我丢的那块表一样。　二引导非限制性定语从句????????????　引导非限制性定语从句时,通常指的不是主句中的某一个名词(先行词),而是指整个主句表达的