医学统计与SPSS应用软件实验指导.pdf

医学统计与 SPSS 应用软件实验指导 （供本科各医学专业用） 编写说明 为了加深学生对《医学统计学》课堂教学内容的理解及提高实际应 用能力，我们编写了这本《医学统计学实验指导》。在课堂学习的基础 上，安排一定的时间实习，使理论联系实际，以达到医学统计学教学目 的。 本教材作为《医学统计学》的配套教材，主要供本科各医学专业使 用。主要通过利用 SPSS 统计软件开展电脑实验课，改变过去完全采用 理论和课堂教学的形式，坚持 “重统计思想而轻死记公式”、“重缜密思 考而轻单纯演算”， 强调理论联系实际。重点培养学生如何收集所需数 据、应该采用什么方法去整理和分析数据、以及怎样利用统计软件输出 的结果得出结论、进行解释，注重培养学生应用统计知识去分析和解决 实际问题的能力。另外提供一定数量的习题作为巩固课堂知识和复习备 考所需。 本教材在编写时参考并引用了有关教材的部分资料和图表，在此特 作说明，并向原作者表示深深的谢意。 由于作者水平所限，缺点乃至错误难免，恳请同道专家及读者提出 宝贵意见，谢谢！ 编者 2008 年 6 月 目录 实验一 SPSS 统计软件简介····································································- 1 - 实验二 数值变量资料的统计描述 ·····························································- 6 - 实验三 数值变量资料的统计分析 ···························································- 19 - 实验四 分类变量的统计分析 ·································································- 25 - 实验五 秩和（非参数）检验 ·································································- 40 - 实验六 统计图·····················································································- 55 - 实验七 相关与回归 ··············································································- 71 - 实验八 方差分析 ·················································································- 78 - 实验九 正态性检验 ··············································································- 93 - 附：医学统计学习题 ··············································································- 97 - 上机测试题库 ······················································································- 107 - SPSS 统计软件中的数据录入格式 ·························································- 136 - 参考资料 ····························································································- 138 - 实验一 SPSS 统计软件简介 实验一 SPSS 统计软件简介 一、实验 目的：