8 Discovery vs Hypothesis Based Science Notes：8发现与假说为基础的科学笔记.pptVIP

Chapter 2 The Science of Biology  Targets: Describe the nature of scientific inquiry Summarize the nature of discovery science Outline the generalized steps of the hypothesis-based science State how the terms evidence, hypothesis, and theory are used in science. Think, Pair, ShareAnswer the following questions by yourself:1. What is science?2. How do we do science?3. What is not science?Pair up with the person seated beside you and share your answers. What is the Nature of Scientific Inquiry? It’s a way of understanding the natural world by asking questions and actively seeking to answer them. What is Discovery Science? Describes nature. Emphasizes inquiry and observation. Observation is the use of the senses to gather information. Observations may be descriptive (qualitative) Observations may be measurements (quantitative) An inference is a logical conclusion based on observations. Example: Jane Goodall’s work with chimpanzee behavior. What is Hypothesis-Based Science? Explains nature by applying the scientific method to problems. Recognize the Question After making observations, scientists ask questions- Why? What if? How? What effect does _________have on_________? Experimental (Independent) Variable: the one variable that you change Dependent Variable: the one variable that you measure (HINT: D = Data) What effect do 0, 1, 2, or 3 cans of pop have on performance on a memory test? explains observations and can be tested. written as an “If…then…” statement. After collecting data, scientists ponder explanations… If the amount of pop consumed increases, then the performance on a memory test will decrease. Experimental/Independent Variable Dependent Variable Develop a Hypothesis Test the Hypothesis Controlled Experiment… ?All variables stay the same EXCEPT the experimental variable ?Control group vs. the experimental group Control group: students who do not drink pop. Experimental group: students who drink 1, 2, or 3