英语19.状语从句.ppt

第 22 讲状语从句 一、状语从句的本质 英语中的状语从句有九大类，分别可表示：时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式。 从本质上来讲，状语从句就是用不同的连接词将几个分句连接起来，以表达分句之间特定的逻辑关系。 状语从句的引导词主要有： 二、时间状语从句 1、when +短暂动词 (1) 相当于：at that time，从句谓语动词通常是短暂动词，表示某一时刻的动作。 a. Ill speak to him when he arrives. b. Ill tell him about it when he comes back. c. When I arrived, he was talking on the phone. d. When I got there, he had already left. 从句也可接延续动词，这时从句往往用过去进行时态，表示某一时问段内发生的动作。 e. The doorbell rang when I was telephoning. (2) 注意主句和从句的时态搭配，以及不同时态表达的主句动作和从句动作的时间先后关系。 (3) 也可用whenever“无论何时”引导时间状语从句。a. Whenever you say I love you, mean it. Whenever you say Im sorry, look the person right in the eyes. b. Whenever someone asks you something you dont want to answer, smile and ask why do you want to know? c. Smile whenever you pick up the phone, for the caller will be able to notice it. 2、while +延续动词 相当于：during that time，表示某一时间段内发生的动作，因此，从句谓语动词通常接延续动词。a. The phone rang while I was taking my bath.b. The doorbell rang while we were watching TV.c. A detective arrested a criminal and was about to handcuff (v.上手铐) him when a huge gust (n.一阵狂风) of wind blew the detectives hat off. Shall I go and fetch it? the criminal asked. Do you take me for a fool? asked the detective. You wait here while I go and get it!d. I was walking along the road suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind. A. immediately B. when C. the moment D. while 3、until(1) 当主句谓语动词是延续动词时，通常用肯定形式。a. Wait until he comes back. b. Well stay here till it stops raining. c. When I showed my Dad my report card, I said, Remember, Dad, Thomas Edison got bad grades in school, too. He said, Fine, stay in your room until you invent the light bulb (灯泡).d. Until I came back, he was waiting for me at my home. (2) 若主句谓语动词是短暂动词，则要用否定形式。这就是我们常说的“not…until…”结构。a. I did not realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. b. One will never realize how much and how little he knows until he starts talking. c. Ice cream did not reac