李旋翻译 输油管道中往复式三柱塞泵的震动及失效问题分析.doc

输油管道中往复式三柱塞泵的振动与失效问题分析 J.C.WACHEL,总裁 ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程师协会) 成员 工程动力公司 F.R.SZENASI,资深项目工程师 ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程师协会) 成员 圣.安东尼奥,德克萨斯 S.C.DENISON,产品工程顾问 AIME(美国采矿、冶金及石油工程师学会)/SPE(Society of Petroleum Engineer石油工程师学会)成员 太耐克石油勘探生产公司 休斯顿 德克萨斯 ABSTRACT An analysis was made to identify the causes of vibration and failure problems with the piping and reciprocating pump internals on an oil pipeline pump station. A field investigation was made to obtain vibrations and pulsations over the entire range of plant operating conditions. The data showed that cavitation was present at nearly all operating conditions due to the high pulsations in the suction system. The discharge system experienced high vibrations and piping failures due to the ineffective of the accumulator. An acoustical analysis of the suction and discharge system was made to design the optimum acoustical filter systems to alleviate the problems. The acoustical analyses were performed with a digital computer program which predicts the acoustical resonant frequencies and the pulsation amplitudes over the speed range. This paper discusses the investigations and gives recommendations for prevention of these types of problems in the future. 摘要 本文完成了对某泵站输油管线振动原因及往复泵内部部件失效原因的分析。为获得全部运行工况下的振动量和脉动值, 本文进行了现场研究。现场数据表明：由于吸入系统中存在较高的液流脉动,在近乎所有的运行工况下中存在气穴现象。由于排出系统的缓冲器无效，故排油管线存在剧烈振动和管路失效。为了设计出优化的声学滤波系统来缓解上述问题, 本文对吸、排系统进行了声学分析。声学分析由数字计算机程序完成，该程序预测出在全部速度范围内的声学共振频率和脉动幅值。本文还讨论了这些研究结果，并给出了若干建议以防止诸如此类问题的发生。 INTRODUCTION Problems were experienced with four triplex reciprocating crude oil pumps operating in parallel at the Dina Pumping Station located in Colombia (Figure l). The pumps had a rated speed of 275 rpm with a capacity of 388 gallons per minute. The nominal suction pressure was 60 psig (414 kPa) and the discharge pressure was 1800 psig (12400 kPa). The Delrin pump valves had repeated fatigue failures beginning three months after startup. The discharge valve disks w