Introduction to C++ Operator Overloading介绍C++的操作符重载.ppt

== and != Operators Notice why a “first” and “second” shouldn’t be data members: bool list::operator == (const list l2) const { node * first = head; node * second = l2.head; while (first second first-obj == second-obj) { first = first-next; second = second-next; } if (first || second) return FALSE; return TRUE; } Evaluate the efficiency of the following: bool list::operator != (const list l2) const { return !(*this == l2); } [] Operator string list::operator [] (int index) const { node * current = head; for (int i=0; i index current; i++) current = current-next; if (!current) { //consider what other alternatives there are string * temp = new string; //just in case return *temp; } return current-obj; } Notice how we must consider each special case (such as an index that goes beyond the number of nodes provided in the linked list ++ Operators: Prefix Postfix string list::operator ++ () { //prefix if (!ptr || !(ptr-next)) { //consider what other alternatives there are string * temp = new string; //just in case return *temp; } ptr = ptr-next; return ptr-obj; } string operator ++ (int){ //postfix string temp; if (!ptr) { temp = “\0”; //what does this do? return temp; //and this? } temp = ptr-obj; //and this? ptr = ptr-next; //and this? return temp; //and this? }  Building a Class Introduction to C++ String Class Example Let’s build a complete class using operator overloading to demonstrate the rules and guidelines discussed We will re-examine this example again next lecture when discussing user defined type conversions The operations that make sense include: = for straight assignment of strings and char *’s and for insertion and extraction + and += for concatenation of strings and char *’s , =, , =, !=, == for comparison of strings [] for accessing a particular character in a string Overloading = Operators Whenever there is dynamic memo