正常妊娠母胎界面免疫微环境的研究-study on immune microenvironment of normal pregnancy maternal-fetal interface.docx

2009 2009 届安徽医科大学硕士学位论文 6 6 Study of immunologic microenvironment at maternal-fetal interface with normal pregnancy Abstract Background: Pregnancy is a complex and harmonious physiological process. As a semi-allogeneic antigen organism, fetus and its attachment with father′s antigen can revoke mothers immune system which can carry out immunologic recognitions and responses. The special state which the fetus survives with mother nuclide but not repelled is called maternal-fetal tolerance. This immunological regulation not only appear in system immunity but also manifest in part of gravid uterus. The accommodation of local immunity affects the interaction between fetus and mother nuclide directly. Maternal-fetal interface is special tissue where maternal decidua comes into direct contact with fetal extraembryonic tissue, composed of maternal decidua and embryonic trophoblastic cells. Maternal-fetal interface should be the most cruical position where the immune tolerance occurs. Trophoblastic cells, immunological competent cells (ICC) and a lot of cytokines constitute special immunologic microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface, which is crucial for embryo implantation and gestational maintenance. In the different period of gestation, immunologic microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface displays dynamic balance. In the early and midtrimester pregnancy, immunologic microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface is advantage for gestational establishment, maintenance and growth and development of fetus. In the late trimester of pregnancy, immunologic microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface is prepare for labor onset. Immunologic microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface changes would result in the disequilibrium of immune tolerance. The disequilibrium will bring out a series of disease of pregnancy and complication such as unexplainable recurrent spontaneous abortions（URSA）,fetal death, pregnancy-induced hypertension 7 7 syndrome(PIH).