The x-ray imaging system - El Camino College：X射线成像系统- El Camino学院.ppt

X-ray tube current or Filament circuit # of e- is determined by the temperature of the filament. The hotter the filament the more e- Are their any limiting factors to thermionic emission? mA selection Filaments Operate at currents of 3 to 6 amperes (A) Question? What is directly proportional to the number of x-rays reaching the IR? Exposure Timers The timer circuit is separate from the other main circuits of the imaging system It is a mechanical or electronic device whose action is to “make” and “break” the high voltage across the x-ray tube This is done on the primary side of the high voltage transformer. mAs Timers Monitors the product of mA and exposure time Terminates the exposure when the desired mAs value is reached Located on the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer since actual tube current must be monitored mAs Timers Designed to proved the highest mA for the shortest exposure Modern X-ray machines have falling-load generator Automatically adjusts to the highest mA at the shortest exposure time possible AEC Control AEC measure the quantity of radiation reaching the IR Automatically terminates when the IR has received enough radiation for desired OD Two types are common Flat, parallel plate ionization chamber Located between the patient and the IR Made radiolucent Ionization w/in the chamber creates a charge; calibrated to produce a given OD on the IR Photomultiplier (Photodiode) detector assembly Located behind the IR Contains a fluorescent screen and a photomultiplier The photomultiplier detects the light from the fluorescent screen until the desired OD on the IR is reached terminating the exposure AEC’s Upon instillation must be calibrated by the service engineer Technologists selects the desired OD which then sets the mA kVp AEC’s A back up timer usually automatically set to prevent over exposure if the AEC fails Should be set to 1.5 times the expected exposure time Why? When the ionization chamber or photodio